Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Expression and its Association with Driver Mutations among Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in a Private Tertiary Care Setting

Authors

  • Marvin John Pua St. Luke's Medical Center - Quezon City, Philippines https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0832-0706
  • Rex Michael Santiago St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
  • Jose Jasper Andal St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
  • Daphne Ang St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21141/PJP.2022.17

Keywords:

non-small cell lung cancer, programmed death ligand 1, PD-L1, driver mutation

Abstract

Objective. The advent of immunotherapy has significantly changed the treatment and management of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Prior to initiation of immunotherapy,
evaluation of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is required. One factor that affects PD-L1 expression in NSCLC is the presence of oncogenic driver mutations; however, little data on its
association is available, especially in the Philippine setting. The study aims to determine the prevalence of PD-L1 expression and its association with driver mutations among patients with non-small cell lung cancer in a private tertiary care hospital in the Philippines.
Methodology. The study was undertaken for a period of two years from July 2017-July 2019 at St. Luke’s Medical Center and included 446 NSCLC samples. PD-L1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry using 22C3 anti-PD-L1 antibody clone, EnVision FLEX visualization system on Autostainer Link 48. Patient demographics and data on driver mutation testing were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using logistic regression.
Results. PD-L1 expression was observed in 273 (61.20%) of 446 cases, 119 (61.20%) of which
demonstrated high PD-L1 expression while 154 (34.50%) had low PD-L1 expression. There was no
significant association between PD-L1 expression and EGFR mutation, ALK mutation, age, and gender.
For histologic type, high PD-L1 expression was significantly associated with adenocarcinoma and non-
small cell carcinoma, NOS.
Conclusion. The overall prevalence of PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung carcinoma is 61.20%
based on the cases included. Although we did not find an association between PD-L1 expression and
EGFR and ALK mutation, our study observed that ALK-mutated NSCLCs have 4.7 odds of having high
PD-L1 expression, however, a higher sample size is warranted to truly determine significant association. The outcome of this study may provide help in the stratification of patients and predict those who will benefit from immunotherapy.

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Author Biographies

Marvin John Pua, St. Luke's Medical Center - Quezon City, Philippines

Resident, Institute of Pathology

Rex Michael Santiago, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines

Institute of Pathology

Jose Jasper Andal, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines

Institute of Pathology

Daphne Ang, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines

Institute of Pathology

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12/28/2022

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Pua, M. J., Santiago, R. M. ., Andal, J. J., & Ang, D. . (2022). Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Expression and its Association with Driver Mutations among Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in a Private Tertiary Care Setting. PJP, 7(2), 36–45. https://doi.org/10.21141/PJP.2022.17

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